What other indirect relationships are there in a pond food web? What happens when several changes are made, each with direct and indirect effects? It's impossible to predict, so experiments (some intentional, some accidental) are the only way to discover the complexity of each food web.
Experiment with this pond food web! Increase or decrease different species and see the direct and indirect effects on other species in the food web.
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Explore the food web further with these links to JASON research projects!